Title:Russia And South Africa Prepare For BRICS Summit – OpEd

Russia and South Africa have recently stepped up efforts towards finalizing  "the most significant issues"  relating to the 10th edition of BRICS Summit scheduled to take place from 25-27 July in Johannesburg, South Africa.

俄罗斯和南非最近加紧努力，争取敲定"最重要的问题"，与定于7月25日至27日在南非约翰内斯堡举行的金砖国家首脑会议第十届会议有关。

According to official documents, BRICS is an informal association of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The group, founded in June 2006 at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF), first known as BRIC prior to inclusion of South Africa in 2009. It has yearly rotating chairmanship among its five members.

根据官方文件，金砖国家是一个由五个主要新兴国家经济组成的非正式联盟：巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非。彼得斯堡国际经济论坛(SPIEF)，第一个被称为金砖四国，2009年将南非列入议程，每年轮流担任五名成员。

After Jacob Zuma's resignation in February, Russian President Vladimir Putin has maintained very close working contact and cooperation with the new South African leader Cyril Ramaphosa.

在雅各布·祖马2月辞职后，俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京与新的南非领导人Cyril Ramaphosa保持着非常密切的工作联系与合作。

The Kremlin speaks about a very high strategic level of partnership while praising the joint activities of the two countries in the area of foreign politics, in particular within the United Nations, BRICS (an association of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa).

克里姆林宫谈到了高度的战略伙伴关系，同时赞扬两国在外交领域，特别是联合国内金砖国家（一个由巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非组成的协会）开展的联合活动。

In mid-May, Foreign Affairs Minister Sergey Lavrov meeting with South African Deputy President David Mabuza expressed high optimism when he said:  "Our presidents talked not so long ago, on March 23. They agreed to continue a course toward the comprehensive development of our relations in all areas. And, of course, we agreed to have a special meeting during the BRICS summit to take place in Johannesburg at the end of July."

5月中旬，外交大臣谢尔盖·拉夫罗夫与南非副总统戴维·马布扎会晤时，表示高度乐观，他说："我们的总统刚才在3月23日谈了话。他们同意继续朝着全面发展我们各领域的关系方向前进，当然，我们同意在7月底于约翰内斯堡举行的金砖五国首脑会议期间举行一次特别会议。

In his turn, Mabuza thanked Lavrov and handed him a special message from the South African president addressed to Russian President Vladimir Putin which experts interpreted as part of the preparations towards the next BRICS summit. As protocol demands, Mabuza did not disclose its contents.

马布扎又向拉夫罗夫表示感谢，并向俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京转达了南非总统的特别致辞。根据协议的要求，马布扎没有披露其内容。

Instead, Mabuza laid emphasis on his country's interest in enhancing foreign policy coordination with Russia and praised its consistent line of principle on supporting the efforts of the African community to find consensus-based solutions to the continent's political and socio-economic issues.

相反，马布扎强调，俄罗斯关心加强与俄罗斯的外交政策协调，并赞扬其一贯的原则方针，即支持非洲社会努力找到以共识为基础的办法，解决非洲大陆的政治和社会经济问题。

On May 17, as a follow-up to series of consultations on the summit, Deputy Foreign Minister and Russia's BRICS, Sherpa Sergey Ryabkov, also met with Ambassador of South Africa to the Russian Federation, Nomasonto Maria Sibanda-Thusi. During that meeting, Ryabkov reaffirmed Russia's readiness to provide all the necessary support to its South African friends in holding a successful BRICS summit.

5月17日，作为对首脑会议一系列磋商的后续行动，副外长和俄罗斯金砖国家谢尔帕·谢尔盖·雷拉布科夫也与南非驻俄罗斯联邦大使诺马索·马里亚·西班达-图西会面。在会议期间，雷亚布科夫重申，俄罗斯愿意为南非朋友成功举行金砖五国首脑会议提供一切必要的支持。

The officials had a mutually engaging discussion on a number of issues on the broad agenda of multifaceted cooperation within BRICS. Both sides expressed confidence that during South Africa's BRICS presidency the group will make great strides in strengthening strategic partnership in all three key areas of the organisation's focus: peace and security, economy and finance, and cultural and humanitarian ties.

官员们就金砖国家内部多方面合作的广泛议程上的若干问题进行了相互参与的讨论。双方表示相信，在南非金砖五国担任轮值主席期间，该小组将在本组织重点的所有三个关键领域 -- -- 和平与安全、经济和金融 -- -- 加强战略伙伴关系方面取得巨大进展，与文化和人道主义的关系。

Brics-Africa Dialogue

Brics-Africa 对话

Russia is very instrumental in deepening constructive dialogue between BRICS and African countries, including through the  "BRICS Plus"  mechanism. This year, the chairmanship plans to invite Africans to the 10th anniversary BRICS summit in Johannesburg.

俄罗斯在深化金砖国家和非洲国家之间的建设性对话方面发挥了非常重要的作用，包括通过“金砖加国”机制。今年，主席计划邀请非洲人参加在约翰内斯堡举行的金砖五国十周年首脑会议。

Early March, Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov reiterated in an interview with the pan-African monthly Hommes d'Afrique magazine in the run-up to his tour of African countries:  "We support deepening the BRICS-Africa dialogue, which was launched in Durban in 2013 during the meeting between the association's member-countries, the African Union leadership and the leaders of eight leading regional integration associations."

3月初，外交部长谢尔盖·拉夫罗夫在他访问非洲国家之前采访《泛非月报》时重申："我们支持深化金砖国家-非洲的对话，该协会成员国、非洲联盟领导层和8个主要区域一体化协会领导人于2013年在德班举行的会议期间启动"。

"We believe that the 'BRICS Plus' concept approved last year lays the foundation for making the practice of inviting chairpersons of the African Union and, possibly, other African regional associations to the BRICS summits systemic,"  he explained.

他解释说：“我们相信，去年批准的“金砖加”概念为系统地邀请非洲联盟主席以及可能邀请其他非洲区域协会主席参加金砖五国峰会奠定了基础。

As South Africa has taken over BRICS chairmanship, Lavrov is particularly pleased to note that  "our South African friends intend to make African issues part of the BRICS agenda, discuss the key problems and challenges facing the continent,"  he said.  "For our part, we welcome this approach."

随着南非接任金砖五国的主席，拉夫罗夫特别高兴地注意到：“我们的南非朋友打算把非洲问题纳入金砖五国议程，讨论非洲大陆面临的主要问题和挑战，” 他表示。"就我们而言，我们欢迎这种做法"。

NDB Financed Projects

国别发展局供资项目

The BRICS New Development Bank (NDB) and Business Council are two significant features, among others, of BRICS group. The NDB finances projects while the main tasks of the Business Council is to identify problems and difficulties, which hinder growth of economic, trade, business and investment cooperation between BRICS countries.

金砖国家新开发银行（NDB）和商业理事会是金砖国家集团等两个重要特征。国家发展银行为项目提供资金，而企业理事会的主要任务是查明阻碍金砖国家间经济、贸易、商业和投资合作的问题和困难。

The bank's first non-sovereign project was a $200 million loan to Brazil's Petrobras for an environmental protection scheme and the second a $200 million loan to South Africa's Transnet to reconstruct a port in Durban. The NDB has also extended funds for projects in Karelia, Russia. The NDB is currently considering to extend another substantial loan for two projects in Russia – the Amur gas processing plant (GCP) and the petrochemical plant in Tobolsk – by the year-end, according to the Russian Finance Ministry.

该银行的第一个非主权项目是向巴西的Petrobras 提供2亿美元的贷款，用于实施环境保护计划；第二个项目是向南非Transnet提供2亿美元的贷款，用于重建德班港口。全国发展局还向俄罗斯卡雷利亚的项目提供资金。俄罗斯财政部表示，NDB目前正在考虑在年底前再向俄罗斯境内的两个项目提供大笔贷款，这两个项目是阿穆尔天然气加工厂和托库克的石化工厂。

As expected, African leaders and Experts believe that the NDB pays particular attention to the viable projects on African continent.  "The New Development Bank is just starting its operation but it will soon work in full swing,"  Lavrov explained.  "Projects discussed at the initial stage pertain only to the territory of five BRICS countries. Potential projects outside BRICS is the next stage. However, special attention will be clearly paid to the African continent because an office of the BRICS New Development Bank will be situated in South Africa."

正如预期的那样，非洲领导人和专家认为国家开发银行特别关注非洲大陆的可行项目。"第一阶段讨论的项目仅涉及五个金砖国家领土，金砖国家以外的潜在项目是下一个阶段。然而，非洲大陆将受到特别关注，因为金砖国家新开发银行将在南非设有办事处。

The agreement on establishing the BRICS New Development Bank concluded on July 15, 2014 in Brazil's Fortaleza. The bank's starting capital was set at $100 bn. The Shanghai-headquartered bank has been set up to finance infrastructure projects and sustainable development projects in BRICS member countries and in other developing countries.

2014年7月15日在巴西福塔雷萨缔结了关于成立金砖国家新开发银行的协议。建立总部设在上海的银行，为金砖成员国和其他发展中国家的基础设施项目和可持续发展项目提供资金。

Future Steps

今后的步骤

On June 4, the BRICS Council of Foreign Ministers held a meeting in Pretoria, South Africa. According to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs report that meeting was largely aimed at outlining significant tasks for future and that include a wide range of issues pertaining to the maintenance of international peace and stability, the global economy, interaction between the BRICS countries and the coordination of their positions in the complicated conditions of global political turbulence.

6月4日，金砖国家外交部长理事会在南非比勒陀利亚举行了一次会议。根据外交部的报告，这次会议的主要目的是概述未来的重要任务，包括与维护国际和平与稳定有关的广泛问题，全球经济、金砖国家间的互动及其在全球政治动荡的复杂形势下的立场的协调。

There were in-depth talks on the situation in the world's trouble spots and common goals in the face of new challenges and threats, primarily efforts against international terrorism and for international information security.

面对新的挑战和威胁，主要是打击国际恐怖主义和国际信息安全的努力，就世界动乱地点和共同目标的局势进行了深入会谈。

One of Russia's priorities is to promote strategic partnership among the BRICS countries. Over the past years, this group of five large rising economies has developed from an interest club into a comprehensive mechanism of multifaceted strategic partnership. The group has developed a network of industry-specific cooperation, contacts and cooperation between their business and research communities and civil societies.

俄罗斯的优先事项之一是促进金砖国家之间的战略伙伴关系。在过去几年里，这个由五个新兴大国组成的集团从一个利益俱乐部发展成为由多方面战略伙伴关系组成的综合机制。该小组建立了一个针对具体行业的合作、联系以及企业界和研究界和民间社会之间的合作网络。

The five BRICS countries are working towards indivisible security, stronger international stability in all dimensions, collective efforts to settle crises by political and diplomatic means, and multilateralism. They reject military interventions, unilateral economic enforcement measures, protectionism and unfair competition. The BRICS countries are working together to protect the system of multilateral trade based on the central role of the WTO as the only universal platform for formulating the rules of global trade.

五大金砖国家正在努力实现不可分割的安全、在各个方面加强国际稳定、通过政治和外交手段共同努力解决危机，以及多边主义。他们反对军事干预、单方面经济执行措施、保护主义和不公平竞争。金砖国家正在共同努力，以世贸组织作为制定全球贸易规则的唯一普遍平台的核心作用为基础，保护多边贸易体系。

The BRICS countries are working to find new sources of economic growth. The group played a major role in promoting the reform of the IMF. It has created the New Development Bank and the Contingent Reserve Arrangement to help modernise the architecture of global governance and financial security.

金砖国家正在努力寻找经济增长的新来源，该组织在促进货币基金组织改革方面发挥了重要作用。它制定了新的开发银行和特遣队储备安排，以帮助全球治理和金融安全架构现代化。

The five BRICS countries support the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Paris Agreement on Climate Change.

五个金砖国家支持执行《2030年可持续发展议程》和《巴黎气候变化协定》。

The BRICS countries focused on consolidating and diversifying the mechanisms of multifaceted cooperation and finding new spheres of cooperation. BRICS is open to the world and consistently expanding its ties with concerned countries and integration associations.

金砖国家侧重于巩固多层面合作机制并使之多样化，并寻找新的合作领域。金砖国家向世界开放，不断扩大与有关国家和一体化协会的联系。

The BRICS member countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) collectively represent about 26% of the world's geographic area and are home to 2.88 billion people, about 42% of the world's population. Report By Kester Kenn Klomegah in Moscow.

金砖五国（巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非）共同占全世界地理区域的26%左右，拥有28.8亿人口，约占世界人口的42%。莫斯科Kester Kenn Klomegah的报告。